“All of the land-based approaches have limitations, so it’s important to evaluate the possibility of also using the oceans,” said Romany Webb, a senior fellow and associate research scholar at Columbia University in the City of New York and co-author of the report on A Research Strategy for Ocean-based Carbon Dioxide Removal and Sequestration. Conducted by the US National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, the report recommended a $125 million research program to better understand the technological challenges, potential economic and social impacts and proposed six basic approaches: Nutrient Fertilization Seaweed Cultivation Ecosystem Recovery Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement Electrochemical Processes Artificial Upwelling and Downwelling
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